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全球数字经济与体育产业的深度融合推动体育数据跨境流动，也衍生出体育数据主权问题。加强体育数据安全保障不仅是维护个人信息权益的必然要求，更是贯彻总体国家安全观、维护国家数据主权的应有之义。在厘清体育数据跨境流动的主权内涵和保护困境基础上，依据数据类型、生成场景、具体信息将体育数据分为5类13种，并基于权益关联、法律约束与危害程度进一步划归为3个风险等级。为破解体育数据主权风险，实现绝对控制、可控流动的治理平衡，提出3个层面的治理策略：以三权分置与控制权结合为表达，形成核心法律、行业规则与配套细则相嵌合的法规框架，夯实体育数据主权保护制度根基；以权责整合与技术赋能协同为策略，形成全链条、差异化、技管结合的监管机制，提升体育数据跨境流动治理能力；以静态配置向动态韧性治理转型为驱动，构建跨境司法协作、国际协同权利回应与分类分级救济相衔接的动态路径，强化体育数据主权保护坚实防线。
Abstract：The deep integration of the global digital economy and the sports industry has promoted the cross-border flow of sports data and also given rise to the issue of sports data sovereignty. Strengthening the security guarantee of sports data is not only an inevitable requirement for safeguarding personal information rights and interests, but also an essential part of implementing the overall national security outlook and safeguarding national data sovereignty. On the basis of clarifying the sovereign connotation and protection predicament of cross-border flow of sports data, sports data is classified into five categories and twelve types according to data types, generation scenario, and specific information. Further, based on rights association, legal constraints and the degree of harm, it is classified into three risk levels. To address the sovereignty risks of sports data and achieve a governance balance of absolute control and controllable flow, three levels of governance strategies are proposed. With the separation of the three rights and the combination of control rights as narration, a regulatory framework that integrates core laws,industry rules and supporting detailed rules is formed to consolidate the institutional foundation for the protection of sports data sovereignty. By adopting the strategy of integrating rights and responsibilities and empowering technological collaboration, a refined mechanism that is full-chain, differentiated and combines technology and management is formed to enhance the governance capacity of cross-border sports data flow. Finally, driven by the transformation from static configuration to dynamic resilient governance, a dynamic path that connects crossborder judicial collaboration, international coordinated rights response and classified and graded relief should be established to strengthen the solid defense line for the protection of sports data sovereignty.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16099/j.sus.2025.07.29.0007
中图分类号:G80-05
引用信息:
[1]申志玲,黄亚玲.体育数据跨境流动中的主权风险及规避策略[J].上海体育大学学报,2026,50(04):88-99+110.DOI:10.16099/j.sus.2025.07.29.0007.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD342)
2026-04-08
2026-04-08