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阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)是一种进行性发展的神经退行性疾病,目前尚无有效的临床干预模式。现有研究揭示,身体活动不足是AD患病的重要可控风险因素之一,规律的运动可通过改善认知功能预防或缓解AD。依据运动干预AD的宏观证据,探讨运动调控AD病症的中观机理,进而深入探寻运动调控AD病理的微观机制。在宏观证据上,运动可通过改善心肺功能、脑血流量、脑可塑性、脑认知储备和抑制脑萎缩等途径提升脑认知功能,降低AD的患病风险;在中观机理上,运动可通过调节脑内的β-淀粉样蛋白沉积、tau蛋白异常磷酸化、神经炎症和能量代谢异常等病理症状抑制AD发病;在微观机制上,运动可通过调节神经营养因子、鸢尾素、犬尿酸、乳酸、酮体、组织蛋白酶B等生物分子及相关信号通路调控AD病理机制。
Abstract:Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and there is currently no effective clinical intervention model. Epidemiological studies have found that insufficient physical activity is one of the important controllable risk factors for AD, while regular exercise can prevent and alleviate AD by promoting cognitive function. Based on the macro evidence of exercise intervention in AD patients, this study explored the mesoscopic mechanism of exercise regulating AD symptoms, and further explored the micro mechanism of exercise mediated AD pathology. Macroscopic evidence suggests that exercise can improve brain cognitive function and reduce the risk of AD by improving cardiopulmonary function, cerebral blood flow, brain plasticity,brain cognitive reserve, and inhibiting brain atrophy. In the mesoscopic mechanism, exercise can regulate pathological symptoms of amyloid-β(Aβ) deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and abnormal energy metabolism in the brain to inhibit the onset of AD. In terms of micro mechanism, exercise intervention can regulate the pathological mechanism of AD by mediating biological molecules such as neurotrophic factors, irisin,kynurenic acid, lactate, ketone bodies, cathepsin B, and related signal pathways.
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基本信息:
DOI:10.16099/j.sus.2024.01.17.0002
中图分类号:R749.16;R741
引用信息:
[1]余锋,贾芳芳.运动调控阿尔茨海默病的宏观证据、中观机理和微观机制[J].上海体育大学学报,2026,50(03):35-51.DOI:10.16099/j.sus.2024.01.17.0002.
基金信息:
江苏省哲学社会科学基金一般项目(22TYB005); 淮安市第三期“533英才工程”拔尖人才培养对象资助项目(HA2022B0140(6097))
2026-03-10
2026-03-10