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目的 探讨高活跃度体力活动(physical activity,PA)与绝经后女性情绪调节的主观体验、前额叶(prefrontal cortex,PFC)激活及相关神经递质水平的关系,以探索日常生活中长期保持高PA绝经后女性的情绪调节特征,为制定针对情绪健康的防护策略和干预效果评价方法提供科学依据。方法 使用功能性近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,f NIRS)观测高PA组绝经后女性在完成认知重评和表达抑制情绪调节任务过程中的主观情绪状态、情绪调节策略和前额叶激活状态,同时采用血清学方法检测5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、多巴胺(dopamine,DA)和去甲肾上腺素(noradrenaline,NA)神经递质水平。结果 (1)高PA组的认知重评和表达抑制情绪调节策略优于中低PA组,高PA组拥有更好的正性情绪感知和情绪调节策略表现。(2)在情绪调节过程中,高PA组背外侧前额叶(dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,DLPFC)和腹外侧前额叶(ventrolateral prefrontal cortex,VLPFC)皮层兴趣区的激活水平高于中低PA组。(3)与中低PA组相比,高PA组的DA和NA神经递质水平更高。结论 长期保持高PA的绝经后女性拥有更好的情绪调节能力,更高的DA和NA神经递质水平,反映在应对负性情绪过程中能够更高效地使用情绪调节策略,DLPFC和VLPFC的HbO2浓度可作为观测体力活动促进情绪调节效益的重要指标。
Abstract:Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between high-level physical activity(PA) and postmenopausal women's subjective experience of emotional regulation, prefrontal cortex(PFC) activation and related neurotransmitter levels, exploring the characteristics of emotional regulation in postmenopausal women who maintain long-term high PA in daily life, thereby providing a scientific basis for developing targeted protective strategies and methods to evaluate intervention effects. Methods Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) was employed to monitor the subjective emotions, emotional regulation strategies and PFC activation in postmenopausal women with high PA during cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression tasks for emotional regulation. Serum levels of neurotransmitters — 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine(DA) and noradrenaline(NA) — were measured using serological methods. Results(1) The high PA group demonstrated superior cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies compared to the moderate-low PA group, along with enhanced positive emotional perception and emotional regulation performance.(2) During emotional regulation tasks, the high-PA group exhibited significantly higher activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex(VLPFC) regions of interest(ROIs) than the moderate-low PA group.(3) Serum analyses revealed elevated DA and NA levels in the high PA group, compared to the moderate-low PA group.Conclusion Postmenopausal women who engage in sustained high levels of daily physical activity exhibit enhanced emotional regulation capabilities, higher DA and NA neurotransmitter levels, and more efficient utilization of emotional regulation strategies when confronting negative emotions. The HbO2 concentration values in the DLPFC and VLPFC regions may serve as observable biomarkers for evaluating the benefits of PA in improving emotional regulation.
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基本信息:
DOI:10.16099/j.sus.2024.10.24.0003
中图分类号:G804.8
引用信息:
[1]徐畅,张嘉慧,李文星.长期高体力活动绝经后女性的情绪调节特征——来自fNIRS的证据[J].上海体育大学学报,2025,49(11):37-48.DOI:10.16099/j.sus.2024.10.24.0003.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BTY095)